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Classroom Observation, 2007.
A description of a classroom observation over eight weeks.
1,305 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a reflective observation from a writer who observed a general education kindergarten and a pre-K classroom for a period of eight weeks. In addition the writer observed an inclusion pre-K and an inclusion kindergarten classroom for a period of eight weeks. The writer then explains how the preconceived notions about the students and teaching in general changed during these observations.
Outline:
General Education Kindergarten
Prior to Observing Kindergarten
Preschool
From the Paper
"As I began my eight week observations however, I found that many of the ideas that I had prior to the observation period simply would not work or hold up in the reality of an everyday classroom. In addition I didn't understand how important inclusion is not only to the special needs students but to the students who are not special needs. The eight week observation period in each classroom style with each age level encouraged me to develop new ideas and beliefs about the importance of inclusion at this age level and encouraged me to be open to new ideas in regular general education as well. "
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Strengths and Drawbacks of Participant Observation, 2002.
A discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of participant observation in research.
1,665 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 15 sources, $ 54.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a detailed examination of the methodological strengths and drawbacks of participation observation. The writer uses examples to introduce the link between ethnography and participant observation. In addition, several practical issues including gaining access to and being accepted by the group are highlighted.
From the Paper
"Many of the things we now know about life were derived from research that was done to discover the answers. The things we like, the products we purchase, the way therapy is handled, and thousands of other decisions are made in part because research determined what would be best or what we want most. Research is the cornerstone of civilized society and there are many approaches that can be used."
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Child Observation, 2007.
This paper presents details and analysis of the observation of a child's behavior.
1,484 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer first describes in detail the actions and reactions of a young child during an observation. The writer explains that there was no interaction during this observation. The writer notes that the child in question has been raised from birth by his brother and that there are no traditional parental figures at home. The writer then analyzes the child's behavior. The writer also looks at the child's development skills in relation to other toddlers of a similar age. The writer concludes that due to the child's delayed physical development, it is difficult to tell if he had achieved all of the sub-stages of the sensorimotor stage, or if he was experiencing any of the sub-stages of the next pre-operational stage.
From the Paper
"Most toddlers are able to stand alone well by 12-15 months old, but Nate, now 22 months, is not able to do this yet. It is also normal during the 12-15 month state of development to use gestured to convey wants, but he also did not show signs of doing this, only mimicking actions done by his brother. By 15-18 months, most toddlers can walk alone well, and can stand up without help, again Nate did not show signs of being able to do this. During the 15-18 month stage, most toddler can also climb onto furniture, and while there was no furniture for him to attempt this with, I do not think he would be able to do this. He did not show signs of wanting to greet me, and seemed uncomfortable around strangers. He did respond to his older brother. During the 18-24 month age, most toddlers are using between 20 - 50 words, while Nate showed signs of only using a few words."
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Participant Observation, 2005.
A discussion of the meaning of participant observation in research, its advantages, and disadvantages.
1,450 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper explains the five parts of participant observation in research, discusses some of the criticisms of the approach, as well as its advantages, and suggests that, even with its shortcomings, without participant observation in research we would be left with a complete lack of knowledge of the world and the peoples that inhabit it. Source material used for the paper is appended.
From the Paper
"In some ways, all research is participant research. In quantum physics, it is thought that what is observed is altered by the act of being observed. In that sense, any observation one does makes one a participant, if only passively. However, as commonly used in the social sciences, participant observation means something much more active and, because of the need for objectivity, it has its adherents and its detractors."
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Observation of an Adolescent, 2002.
Observation of an adolescent followed by a discussion by psychologists.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper involves the observation of an adolescent for twenty minutes in terms of their physical, cognitive, emotional, spiritual, and social dimensions, followed by a discussion relating the observations to Erik Erikson's and Jean Piaget's theories of development.
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Observation of a Normal 15-Month-Old Boy, 2002.
This paper is an observation of a normal 15-month-old boy, using the developmental-structuralist approach established by Stanley I. Greenspan in his text, ?The Clinical Overview of the Child?.
2,670 words (approx. 10.7 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 80.95
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Abstract
This paper is a detailed behavioral description of a normal 15-month-old boy, using Greenspan's categories that evaluates developmental integration and analyzes the environmental qualities surrounding the child's development. This paper discusses Greenspan?s developmental skills, mastery of which provides an indication of adaptation or maladaptive behavior: Attends and engages, communicates through gestures and behaviors, creates mental images and shares them and categorizes meanings and makes connections between them. The author believes that observation analysis shows the ways in which general theory can be applied to a specific case, as well as the ways in which the human element can make theoretical learning a much more powerful experience.
From the Paper
"The child observed, Timothy B. (not his real name), is 15 months old. He is the only child of two working professionals. His father is a computer consultant, and his mother owns her own publicity business, which she runs out of their home, located in an affluent suburb of Los Angeles. His parents have been married for five years; they planned Timothy's arrival carefully and do not plan to have other children. All of Timothy's grandparents live in other states, and no other immediate family members live nearby. Timothy spends most of his time with his mother, as his father's work entails long hours. Observations made for this paper did not include any interactions with his father, though other adults interviewed suggested that their relationship seems normal; in fact, Timothy's first spoken word was "Dada," which is common in young children."
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Human Development: An Infant Observation, 2000.
This paper describes the observation of a child under the age of one, focusing on motor development, cognitive adaptive abilities, language, social-emotional behavior, and temperament.
1,700 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 5 sources, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper describes observation of a child under the age of one, focusing on motor development, cognitive adaptive abilities, language, social-emotional behavior, and temperament. Includes in depth charts on assessing each of these categories. Compiles the works of Thomas Chess and Birch, Piaget, the Bayley Scale of Infant Development, Denver Developmental Screening Test.
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Participant Observation in Research, 2006.
This paper assesses the validity of qualitative observational data as research tools.
4,950 words (approx. 19.8 pages), 20 sources, $ 196.95
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Abstract
The paper explores the validity of qualitative observational research methods, specifically participant observation. Through an exploration of the relevant literature and a critical review of a research article on the subject, this paper demonstrates that participant observation is inherently limited in some regards but that the advantages of this methodology are numerous and it should thus not be discounted as an invalid form of scientific inquiry.
From the Paper
"Research methodology is the foremost consideration when creating a study. The data collection process needs to be identified and described in a manner that justifies the results: this statement should not imply that the methods processes will intentionally yield a desirable set of data, but rather that the methods have been selected in a manner that ensure the resulting data sets are inherently valid. Constructing a research methodology, therefore, is challenging in two very distinctive and different ways, as it is critical to not only to identify the means through which data shall be acquired but to establish an inquiry process that is without bias within an acceptable frame of reason."
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Multicultural Observation, 2008.
A look at the Hispanic/Latino minority group in the United States.
791 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at what the author expects to find in a large minority culture, the Hispanic/Latino cultural sub-population. The paper provides a brief literature review with observations regarding the different Hispanic/Latino cultures and their differences, such as the external features of their areas and communities.
From the Paper
"Commenting on the work, Hispanic Spaces, Latino Places by Daniel Arreola notes that the terms "Hispanic" and "Latino" are often used interchangeably, serving as "pan ethnic labels" used to describe distinct and separate cultures that live within America. This subculture, representing a majority rather than a minority, consists of an estimated 39 million plus Americans, comprising as much as 13 percent of the total population in the United States according to census information gathered in 2003 (Nostrand, 293). Within this subculture, individuals tend to identify with a specific nationality rather than use the general term "Hispanic" or "Latino" to identify themselves. Rather, a member of this culturally diverse group may associate their culture and upbringing with their national heritage, which, according to Nostrand, may be, "Mexican, Puerto Rican, Salvadoran or other" (p. 293)."
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Adolescent Identity: Observation and Analysis, 2001.
A look into the physical, cognitive, and psychosocial development of a 19-year-old male.
2,949 words (approx. 11.8 pages), 8 sources, $ 87.95
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An Observation & History of Neoclassical Architecture, 2008.
An examination of architectural forms and designs n the Mediterranean Region.
899 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
The paper describes a tour on culture and antiquities of the Mediterranean area with the purpose of disseminating a Neoclassical interpretation. It is noted that specific reference is given to the Italian architects. The paper further discusses the effect the tour had on the architect's perception of Roman, Etruscan, and Greek architects.
From the Paper
"The architecture Jones saw in Italy would have been influenced by the theories of Sansovino, who died in 1570, and Palladio, who died in 1580. These two architects had provided Venice with a completely new range of visual ideas. Palladio's activities in that city were concentrated in the field of religious architecture. Sansovino worked largely for secular patrons. The two architects therefore complemented one another to a great degree. Sansovino in particular had the ability to assess the particular tastes and needs of his Venetian patrons, while Palladio was more daring and so inspired Venice by his capacity to create striking, memorable, and satisfying visual effects. Both architects "were sensitive to the theatrical character of the city, integrating their buildings into the urban fabric of Venice like pieces of scenery on a stage. Both based their designs on local building types and used the materials best adapted to the physical setting. Gradually their ideas filtered down through the whole spectrum of the city's architecture, to inspire humbler patrons and lesser builders" (Howard 174). However, most of their imitators lacked their understanding of design, and so others merely applied selected motifs to standard local models. On the other hand, some of their more talented successors were more independent and so started to steer Venetian architecture in the direction of the more spacious, rhythmic, flamboyant style known by the convenient, if imprecise, label of Baroque. "
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Observing Children Play, 2008.
This paper applies Piaget's theory of stages of play in the observation of a young child.
1,334 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses Piaget's theories about what we can learn from formal play observation. The writer observes a young child at play and comments on her play, using Piaget's developmental theories of stages of play, namely functional play at a younger age followed by symbolic play at a later age.
From the Paper
"Piaget believes that children's play is very important, because as they play, they develop cognition (Wyly, 1997). When we talk about cognition, we mean the mental process in which people gain knowledge by looking at things, or reasoning about them, etc. Children do a lot of this when they are playing. This is why observing play is an important way to learn about child development. For in play, the child interacts with the environment and learns how to control and understand the environment. For example, the child learns to throw objects, and from this the child learns about the weight and feeling of objects, and about gravity. The child also learns about cause and effect - for example, when the child shakes its rattle, a sound comes out. From this, the child learns that the rattle sound is caused by shaking the rattle (Wyly, 1997)."
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Observing Joanne, 2004.
A case study in the quick maturing quality of today?s youth, through the observation of a middle-school child.
2,086 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a case study regarding the emotional and academic development of a 10-year-old girl, Joanne. The paper discusses findings gained through observation of Joanne in her school environment with her peers. The paper also makes use of interviews conducted with Joanne's parents and teachers. Joanne's Greek background is discussed. The paper offers one-year, five-year, and ten-year predictions of Joanne's development.
Outline
Introduction
Description of Development and Observation
Evaluation and Prediction
Conclusion
From the Paper
"According to her teachers, Joanne is always prompt in handing in her assignments, and usually does what she is told. She seems to have yet fully separated her independent wants and desires from the adults in her life, particularly her teachers and her mother. Joanne is quite responsible, though and often fulfills a leadership position, a position the teachers say they encourage her to aspire to, because of her apparently confident persona. They describe her as trustworthy and reliable and mature, even though her lack of independence in her actions, and her deferential behavior towards adults is not necessarily mature in a developmental sense."
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Experienced Teacher Classroom Observations, 2006.
A student teacher's observation of an experienced teacher in a classroom setting.
1,259 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses an an hour long AS Level English Literature classroom session observed by a student teacher. The writer explains the important roles played by preparation and identifying aims and objectives; delivery and the importance of clarity and enthusiasm; techniques and aids; and the assessment of learning. The writer also looks at the importance of informing learners about the aims and objectives and structure of the session.
Outline:
Table
Description and Reflection
Preparation
Presentation/Delivery
Techniques and Aids
Assessment of Learning
Conclusion
From the Paper
"When teaching, I see preparation as one of the most important parts of the process. "Preparation of a formal lesson demands a consideration of three major factors: the students, the subject matter, and the resources and constraints." (Curzon 1997;276). If I did not feel fully prepared I would lack a great deal of confidence and feel that I was deceiving my learners. Planning the session adequately ensures that all aims and objectives are clear and the learning process is thorough."
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Classroom Observations, 2004.
A comprehensive analysis of classroom observations according to the standards for excellence in teaching checklist and efficacy and professional development school questionnaire.
9,180 words (approx. 36.7 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 190.95
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Abstract
The basic procedure of this study is outlined in the first chapter, which presents the basic overview and introduction to the research and formulation of the study. Chapter II provides a review of the literature to determine what the experts are saying about innovation and cost-effectiveness in teaching today, as well as a discussion of how these methods have been used to a school?s advantage, providing justification for the study. The rationale and attributes of the research design and procedures are discussed in Chapter III. An analysis of the data follows in the penultimate chapter, and a summary of the research is provided in the concluding chapter. Includes several tables and graphs and sample questionnaires.
Table of Contents
Chapter One: Introduction
Chapter Two: Review of the Relevant Literature
Background and Overview
Standards for Excellence in Teaching
Qualitative Analysis of Classroom Observation Surveys
Chapter Three: Methodology
Analysis of Classroom Observation Forms
Efficacy and PDS Interview Analysis
Data Analysis
Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations
From the Paper
"The national system of formal education in the United States developed in the 19th century and differed from other educational systems in place in other Western societies in three fundamental ways. The first difference was that Americans were more inclined to regard education as a solution to various social problems. The second, because they had this confidence in the power of education, Americans provided more years of schooling for a larger percentage of the population than other countries. The third difference in the American system was that educational institutions were primarily governed by local authorities rather than by federal ones. The decline in our school systems can perhaps be attributed to the federal government?s well-intentioned but ultimately misguided involvement in funding programs. These programs, which began in the 1950s, have resulted in huge bureaucracies that have created programs, unfunded mandates, and an enormous amount of regulations for school officials across the nation. All the while, our education system has been crumbling from within. Parents are sending their children to private schools in increasing numbers, and today, just over 10 percent of the nation's students attend nonpublic schools, and approximately half attend Catholic schools (Hammond, 1999)."
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